Abstract: This study provides an overview on disasters and conflicts in 57 Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) member countries during the last four decades, including a review of disaster risk reduction strategies from The Yokohama Strategy to the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015: Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters (HFA) and various regional strategies. It discusses the risks of and vulnerabilities to natural hazards and conflicts and offers strategic approaches for preventing and mitigating the impacts of potential disasters and strengthening the peace and stability and enhancing collaboration among the member countries in this important area. The study also includes analyses of the state-of-the-art approaches in response to and recovery from disasters, and provides relevant recommendations and policy implications on how the countries can improve their resilience to these disasters.